Footprint per night

A study published in September 2024 on the impact of tourism in France in 2022 gives an emission factor for the footprint of a cruise of 103 kgCO2e/night (page 59).

It seems that the calculations are based on the 2023 "Return of the cruise" study, which deducts the fuel combustion footprint from all the journeys made by 176 cruise ships. The details are not transparent, but the study indicates that the footprint per overnight stay covers operations, catering (excluding food on board), leisure activities and energy.

At first glance, this is in line with what we have read elsewhere, with YachtCO2Tracker calculating a 107 kgCO2e/night for Icon of the Seas. However, another (American) study puts the figure at almost 200 kgCO2e/night. Nonetheless, with double counting of transport to destination and food (but these are not the most important items).