Factor

This formula allows us to convert from €/month to kWh/year: the cost per kWh x cents per month over 12 months.

We previously used a figure taken fromthe District Heating and Cooling Surveybased on 2021 data, which gives a figure of €80 excl. VAT per MWh.

However, the volatility of this price means we need to reassess our figures for 2026. We are now using the average price reported by AMORCE: €104.7/MWh.

This is an average value with a relatively high standard deviation: the AMORCE survey states that “average selling prices for district heating networks vary greatly; 89 per cent of the heat supplied is sold at a price between -30 and +30 per cent of the national average”.